Art Deco in the UK

New blog

2011-06-30T09:04:00.001-07:00

Hi all, due to me putting more focus on my interest in the Edwardian era recently, i've set up a new blog for all things Edwardian, covering 1901-1919. I'll certainly be updating this blog more often, especially as I have a lot more material to draw from, however i'll try and update this one when I find something interesting to put up, or even just the occasional picture.

Please have a look at my new blog and follow it, and I hope it will be of interest.

http://electric-edwardians.blogspot.com

REO Speed Wagon

2011-01-22T20:52:00.000-08:00

Firstly, my apologies for the long delay in posting - work, moving etc have got in the way so haven't found the time to do so.

Despite the title, this post isn't about an American Rock Band - it's about a bus. REO was an American motor car manufacturer, who later made a type of truck known as the REO Speed Wagon, a name used for over twenty years for various light-trucks and fire engines, busses etc built on the same chassis. This 1925 REO Speed Wagon was given a bus body, and is now owned by the Black Country Living Museum (http://www.bclm.co.uk), where it is seen in these photographs taken on a rainy day in 2008.

This very REO Speed Wagon was used in an episode of 'Jeeves & Wooster', Series 2 Episode 5, 'The Mysterious Stranger', painted blue, seen here;

http://imcdb.org/vehicle_69181-REO-Speed-Wagon-1925.html

Alvis to continue production of 1936 car!

2010-07-05T07:27:00.001-07:00

Amazing news from Alvis that they are to reproduce the 1936 Alvis 4.1 Litre sports car. Time to save up the pennies!

Alvis, arguably one of the most innovative car manufacturers in the 1930s, is set to return to business in the 21st century with ownership of the brand name having been formally transferred to Red Triangle, which for the last 40 years has been providing parts and restoration services to Alvis owners and has also been the safe custodian of all the original designs, plans and complete historic record of the cars produced.

With the legal transfer of the Alvis car trademarks, Red Triangle has formed a new company called The Alvis Car Company Limited. There is evidence from the original Alvis company board minutes that seventy-seven of the chassis that were officially sanctioned for production were never fulfilled because car production had to be suspended in 1940.

The newly formed Alvis Car Company will announce details of a continuation series of these cars at Goodwood and will be displaying on their stand a brand new 4.3 Litre chassis and engine. These are the first steps towards the reintroduction of the famous Alvis 4.3 Litre model, 71 years after the last 4.3 Litre Alvis was produced.

The 4.3 Litre Alvis was the fastest non-supercharged production car of its day, and the continuation series will live up to that heritage. Manufactured from the original drawings, the 4.3 Litre Alvis in-line six cylinder engine will be faithful to the 1936 design, in maintaining all its period character and quality, yet by utilising modern technology it will be emission compliant. Moreover, by using modern materials, fuel injection and engine management, this powerplant will deliver even more horsepower.

Image and quote from http://www.alviscars.co.uk/alviscars.php

Railway Air Services Winter Timetable, 1938

2010-07-03T10:35:00.000-07:00

Fantastic cover from Railway Air Services winter timetable, published September 12 1938, showing a de Havilland DH.86 Express

From the collection of Björn Larsson at Airline Timetable Images http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/ras.htm

Esso Advert, 1936

2010-06-24T14:48:00.000-07:00

Morall's Gentlemans' Outfitters

2010-06-24T09:10:00.000-07:00

A recreated building at the Black Country Living Museum depicting a menswear shop typical of the 1930s

To see the building, and others, visit the Black Country Living Museum website http://www.bclm.co.uk

Great Western Railway Air Services Part Two

2010-06-22T00:00:00.000-07:00

The GWR Air Services were very succesful, and was one of the forerunners of the UK Domestic Airlines that operate today such as easyJet and Flybe. However, they only operated for a single season - in 1934, the airline Railway Air Services was formed, a collaboration of all four main railway companies - the Great Western Railway, the Southern Railway, the London Midland and Scotland Railway and the London North Eastern Railway

Broome's Garage 1936

2010-06-17T09:04:00.000-07:00

Another building at the Black Country Living Museum, this time a replica of the Conway Garage at Sedgley Road, Dudley, run by mechanic Alex Broome. Alex Broome was a racing mechanic for Sunbeam, including being involved with the 1927 1000hp land speed record car nicknamed 'The Slug', but started his own garage in 1936 which ran for many years.

For more information on the garage and Alex Broome, you can view this .pdf file http://www.bclm.co.uk/downloads/a4_broomes_garage.pdf

You can see the replica garage, as well as a larger sales garage used as a car museum, at the Black Country Living Museum http://www.bclm.co.uk

Petrol Pumps

2010-06-16T07:19:00.000-07:00

Selection of 1930's petrol pumps at the Black Country Living Museum garage

National Benzole

Shell

BP (British Petroleum)

Streamlined Royal Mail Car

2010-06-14T04:58:00.000-07:00

British Pathe clip showing a GPO streamlined car, used for publicity purposes on the Royal Air Mail Service runs to Croydon Airport, and loading an Imperial Airways Handley Page HP42 Airliner

G.P.O STREAMLINED

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Lockheed Electra at night, circa 1936

2010-06-07T08:41:00.000-07:00

British Airways Ltd Lockheed 10a Electra at night

Great Western Railway Air Services

2010-06-07T07:45:00.000-07:00

The Great Western Railway, also known as the GWR, and then also known as 'God's Wonderful Railway', the 'Great Way Round' or 'Goes When Ready' was one of the 'Big Four' railway companies in the UK between 1923 and 1948, when they were nationalised to form British Railways. The GWR never missed a trick, and had superb publicity to take advantage of the achievements and new developments the railway was doing. One area where the GWR lead the way was in developing its own Airline.

The Great Western Railway Air Services commenced operations in April 1933, operating between Birmingham and Plymouth, with Cardiff, Teignmouth and Torquay en-route. The service consisted of one aircraft, a three-engined Westland Wessex, owned by Imperial Airways, and painted in brown and cream, the traditional colour for GWR passenger carrying vehicles, such as the railway carriages, streamlined diesel railcars, and motor busses.

Timetable dated May 22 1933, from the collections of Björn Larsson http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/gwr.htm

Hobbs and Sons Fish & Chip Shop

2010-06-07T07:12:00.000-07:00

The Black Country Living Museum, located in Dudley in the West Midlands (near Birmingham) has many relocated buildings from British history, especially from the Victorian-1930s era. The 1930s street is the newest development, and one of the first buildings to be opened was the Fish & Chip Shop, no doubt to relieve the strain on the much smaller 1920s Fish & Chip Shop which is always overwhelmed by demand!

The Fish & Chips are cooked in beef dripping and taste superb, and you can get scraps as well - for more information visit http://www.bclm.co.uk

Austin 10

2010-04-16T10:49:00.000-07:00

Austin 10 fitted with a blackout mask to the headlamp, as fitted in the Second World War to reduce the glare from the headlamp to avoid being seen from the air (which also made driving at night a lot more dangerous)

Seen at the Chiltern Open Air Museum WW2 Weekend, March 28 2010

Great Western Railway Poster, 1935

2010-04-16T10:11:00.001-07:00

If only rail fares were this cheap today!

British Empire Trophy Race, 1937

2010-03-11T03:25:00.000-08:00

Featuring the excitement of corners! And bends!

British Airways advert, 1937

2010-03-11T03:13:00.000-08:00

From a 1937 issue of Flight magazine

Featuring a Lockheed 10a Electra

Full size - http://i282.photobucket.com/albums/kk256/RobLangham/baad.jpg

Thompson Aircraft Refueller Part Two

2010-03-07T06:53:00.000-08:00

I've already mentioned the Thompson aircraft refueller, a common sight at airfields and airports in the 1930's, here http://art-deco-uk.blogspot.com/2009/08/thompson-aircraft-refueller.html , and came across this great advert marketing them in the July 1 1937 issue of Flight magazine, still going today and with an online archive of past issues, accessible here http://www.flightglobal.com/

Now the weather is finally improving i'm hoping to make it down to Brooklands before too long, would be nice to get a better photograph of the Thompson refueller, and hopefully the paintwork will be in better condition too

1936 Riley TT Sprite Le Mans

2009-10-02T16:50:00.000-07:00

Seen at the Vintage Sports Car Club's Mallory Park race meeting on 23rd August was this superb 1936 Riley TT Sprite. The bodywork is unlike that of most other Riley TT Sprite's because, in 1937, a French team was formed to enter race meetings equipped with three Riley TT Sprite's fitted with this bodywork for streamlining, built by Maurice Pourtout a Paris coachbuilder. As well as entering various high profile races, such as at the Autodrom at Montlhery, they were most well known for entering the 1937 Le Mans.

Unfortunately the original bodywork of these three cars hasn't survived, so this is a replica built using photographs of the team's cars - the attention to detail is superb, including a sign on the dashboard for 'M PourTout'

Mignet Pou-du-Ciel

2009-10-02T16:33:00.000-07:00

The Mignet Pou-du-Ciel, known as the 'Flying Flea' in the United Kingdom although the name translates into 'Louse of the Sky', was a home built aircraft, first flying in 1933 with the book containing plans and instructions becoming available in 1934. Powered by a motorcycle engine and needing very little storage space due to their small size, they were at first very popular with budding aeronauts in many country.

However, a series of fatal accidents led to groundings or bans in most countries in which they were flown in, and, although a solution to the problem was solved (they had a tendency to be unable to pull out of shallow dives), the dangerous reputation they had by then received many remained firmly on the ground. This surviving example is on display at the Midland Air Museum, Coventry

RNLI Depot, Borehamwood

2009-08-19T01:09:00.000-07:00

This fabulous art deco building is, as shown by the caption, the RNLI (Royal National Lifeboat Institution) Depot at Borehamwood, Hertfordshire. For those who do not know, since 1824 the RNLI has operated Lifeboat Stations around the coast of the United Kingdom and Ireland to rescue those from the sea (and in the last two decades, inland waters such as the River Thames and Loch Ness). The description on the back of the card, one of 50 from the Wills’ ‘The Story of the Life-Boat’ series tells us;

R.N.L.I. DEPOT, BOREHAM WOOD, HERTS.

In July 1939, the Royal National Life-boat Institution opened a depot outside London to take the place of the storeyard which it had at Poplar from 1882 to 1939. The site at Boreham Wood was chosen because of its excellent facilities for road transport. The depot has workshops and stores covering a floor area of nearly one-and-a-quarter acres, and it is here that the equipment and rigging of life-boats are made and the life-boat engines repaired and tested. At the depot also there is a storeroom for the Institution’s supplies for appealing to the public; it contains 40,000 collecting boxes in the form of life-boats, and the 11,000,000 paper emblems which the Institution uses each year on Life-boat flag days.

The end of the descriptive text mentions the RNLI appealing to the public – the RNLI is a charity, and relies on voluntary donations to continue to exist and save lives, and receives no Government funding like other emergency services, a very worthwhile cause. The RNLI depot was used until 1976, when the depot moved from Stirling Way, Borehamwood, to Poole, Dorset, where it remains to this day. Despite being hit by incendiary bombs in the Second World War, the depot exists to this day, and this article from the Oxford Mail dated 15th August 2001 mentions it being refurbished ‘to offer self-storage units and offices’.

For a recent photo of the building, taken in 2007, click here

Flying Wing

2009-08-18T15:39:00.000-07:00

The concept of an aircraft as a 'flying wing', with the fuselage integrated with the wing and sometimes even without a tail, has been a design feature tried and tested for many years, and currently in service with some military aircraft such as the Rockwell B2 Stealth Bomber. During the 1930's, when aircraft designers were trying to think of how to push the barrier of aircraft development, the flying wing was experimented with many times.

This particular example, from the 'Aeroplanes' series of Cigarette Cards by Gallaher Ltd, shows the Cunliffe-Owen OA1. Cunliffe-Owen was founded in 1937 but their flying wing aircraft is actually a licence built American aircraft originally produced by Vincent Burnelli, who was one of the pioneers of flying wing designs, this particular design being a copy of the Burnelli UB-14, of which three were built by Burnelli.

This particular aircraft was powered by two Bristol Perseus radial engines, and the description from the back of the Cigarette Card says;

FLYING WING

The tendency in monoplane design of the last few years has been to increase the size and thickness of the wing relative to the fuselage, storing petrol, luggage, etc. inside the wings. The logical development of htis is the Flying Wing, which has no fuselage, the tail unit being carried on two booms. The machine shown here is the first product of Messrs. Cunliffe-Owen Aircraft Ltd., and accommodates fifteen passengers, the two engines being Bristol Perseus XIIC's, developing 900 h.p. each.

The Cunliffe-Owen OA1 shown, G-AFMB, was the only one built, and became known as the 'Clyde Clipper'. The Second World War halted any further development and G-AFMB was pressed into Royal Air Force service, eventually serving in Africa with the Free French. Unfortunately, it appears the Clyde Clipper met its end as part of a bonfire to celebrate VJ Day in 1945.

For more pictures of the Cunliffe-Owen OA1, including the great advert used by the company, click here

Gatwick Airport

2009-08-15T06:01:00.001-07:00

This Cigarette Card, one of the Flying series of 48 produced by Senior Services Cigarettes in 1938, shows 'A Modern Airport', in this case Gatwick. The centre of the photo shows the terminal building, known as 'The Beehive', built in Art Deco style and opened in 1936. The description of the airport, from the back of the Cigarette Card, says;

A MODERN AIRPORT.

Gatwick Airport, Surrey, is arranged on a plan permitting the Airport building to handle the maximum of passengers and aircraft without congestion. Telescoping covered passage ways, like spokes of a wheel, permit six aeroplanes to be loaded or unloaded at once. The Airport Railway Station is close alongside and an underground passage connects it with the Airport building. The concrete runways extending towards the field prevent ploughing of the surface near the buildings by heavy air traffic.

British Airways (the first one, which was later amalgamated with Imperial Airways, based at Croydon, to form the British Overseas Airways Corporation, or BOAC, in November 1939, which in turn was merged into British Airways in 1974) was based at Gatwick, and one of the images shows the aircraft hangars with BRITISH AIRWAYS Ltd painted on the sides and roof, with a Trimotor aircraft, probably a Fokker F.VII.

The modern Airport site is to the north of The Beehive, which fortunately still exists as offices, although the telescoping passageways are now long gone. For more information on The Beehive, see the Wikipedia page here

A Lap of the Nurburgring in a 1937 Mercedes

2009-08-08T15:40:00.000-07:00

My first deviation from UK Art Deco - this YouTube video, taken from the Shell History of Motor Racing Video, features a lap of the Nurburgring Circuit in Germany in a 1937 Mercedes Grand Prix Race Car, one of the famous 'Silver Arrows', the state sponsored Grand Prix race cars made by Auto Union and Mercedes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_5wAOmTSvY

Thompson Aircraft Refueller

2009-08-07T09:28:00.000-07:00

Sat outside on my very wet and windy visit to Brooklands over two years ago was this 1937 Thompson Brothers 'Mobile Refuelling Unit Mk III', driven by the two rear wheels with a capacity of 500 gallons of petrol and oil, although i'm not sure if this is two seperate compartments or one or the other - I presume the former seeming as aircraft need both at the same time!

The Thompson Brothers went on to improve the design and this later type was widely used by the Royal Air Force - examples of the Second World War type, known as the Thompson P505, are preserved at the RAF Museum Hendon, Imperial War Museum Duxford and the South Yorkshire Aircraft Museum, Doncaster. For a photograph of the Thompson P505 at IWM Duxford, click here

If you'd like a 1/72 scale model of the Thompson P505, although known as the TB3 on the website, click here

According to 'The Observer's Army Vehicles Directory to 1940' by Bart H Vanderveen, the Thompson Aircraft Refueller was first introduced in 1935 and used at the Royal Air Force Training College at Desford, Leicestershire

1935 Singer Airstream

2009-08-07T09:09:00.000-07:00

Ideally this post would have had photographs taken by myself, but unfortunately the UK Museum which houses a dark blue unrestored 1935 Singer Airstream does not allow photography, rigorously enforced by staff meaning you're never out of sight, especially as they follow you around. The Singer Airstream was one of the first streamlined vehicles, and the only streamlined production car made in the UK that I know of before the Second World War. As well as the streamlined body design, the body is also pillarless, so the rear passenger doors open 'suicide' style. I wasn't aware of this vehicle before I saw the one mentioned in a museum this week - if there's any more in the UK i'd be interested in any photographs etc. The photos used in this post were taken from here and here.

Brooklands

2009-08-06T15:00:00.000-07:00

The first 'proper' post is of a place that's always captivated me and many others - Brooklands. Opened in 1907 near Weybridge, Surrey, by Hugh Locke-King, the 2.75 mile concrete banked oval circuit was the first purpose built motor racing circuit in the world. Although racing stopped during the First World War, it re-opened afterwards and kept going up until the start of the Second World War - expansion of the Vickers aircraft company on site meant the circuit was unable to re-open after the war. Although parts of the circuit remain, it has mostly been swallowed up by industrial buildings, and Mercedes-Benz now has a large display building called 'Mercedes-Benz World' with a small circuit near the museum. The museum is well worth a visit, displaying many interesting vehicles and aircraft - the aviation side of Brooklands started within the circuit in 1908.

Of interest is that the circuit was never actually completed - it was originally envisioned for it to be tarmacked to make the ride smoother for cars. These two photographs show the remaining part of the circuit nearest the museum, facing the direction the cars would have raced in. The website for the museum is http://www.brooklandsmuseum.com/. I'll post a couple more interesting exhibits at Brooklands over the next few days, but i'll leave it to you to visit and see the rest of them for yourself.

Art Deco in the UK

2009-08-06T14:27:00.001-07:00

My blog is about anything and everything related to the Art Deco era (1910-39) that can, or could be, seen in the UK, with occasional postings either out of the date mentioned or outside of the UK but still related to the Art Deco era.